Structure of Institutions of Higher Education

Policy Making

1. Central government:
   1. Formulate the National policies of Education.
   2. The Ministry of Human Resource Development has departments for school education and higher education.
2. State Government:
   1. State Councils and Advisory boards have been established in states which coordinate the activities of the government, apex bodies, and universities.

Regulation

1. UGC:
   1. It was set up on 28th December, 1953.
   2. Became a statutory body in 1956.
   3. headquarter: New Delhi. Regional offices in states: Hyderabad, Delhi, Pune, Bhopal, Guwahati, Kolkata, Bangalore.
   4. It has one office at South campus of Delhi university which deals with the UGC-NET exam.
   5. Current Chairperson:
   6. Programms:
      1. Universities with Potential for excellence.
      2. Development Assistence scheme
      3. Scholarships like JRF
   7. Functions:
      1. Coordinate, determination, and maintenance of the standards across universities.
      2. Disburses the funds for grants, scholarships.
      3. Can not set up or derecognize a university, only recommands the required actions.
      4. Organizational structure: Chairman, Vice-chairman, and other members like Secretary, Financial Advisor, Additional secretaries, Directors, Legal Advisor appointed by the Central govet.
      5. Vigilance on Universities:
         1. central universities:
            1. established by an act of the Parliament
            2. Total number
         2. State Universities:
            1. est. by State Act and funded by State.
            2. State Universities are included in Section 12(B) of UGC ACT 1956.
         3. Deemed to be Universities:
            1. The central Govt. declares a high performing institution as Deemed to be University under Section 3 of UGC Act, 1956.
            2. These universities enjoys all the powers of the Universities but can not Affiliate colleges.
            3. Indian Institute of Bangalore (IIS) was the first Deemed to be University along with Indian Agricultural Research Institute(IARI)
         4. Private Universities
            1. Approved by UGC
2. All India Council for Technical Education (AICTE)
   1. est. in 1945
   2. headquartered in New Delhi
3. 1. An advisory body later received the status of statutory body
   2. now works as a national level council for technical education.
   3. Its approval is required to establish a new technical institution.
   4. Ten regional offices: Bangalore, Bhopal, Chandigarh, Chennai, Guwahati, Hyderabad, Kanpur, kolkata, Mumbai, Tiruvananthapuram.
4. Council of Science and Industrial Research (CSIR)
   1. an apex body for industrial and scientific research in India.
   2. Estd. in 1942.
   3. The main office: New Delhi
   4. Conducts CSIR NET
5. Indian Council of Agricultural research (ICAR)
   1. an autonomous body working under the Department of Agricultural Research and Education (DARE), Ministry of Agriculture and Farmers Welfare, Govt. of India.
   2. It functions as the regulator of agricultural education and research  in India.
   3. Its president is the Union Minister of Agriculture.
   4. Its network includes Deemed Universities, ICAR Institutions, national Research centres, national Bureaux, and Directorates/Post directorates.
6. Indian Council of Social Science Research (ICMR)
   1. Set up in 1911 as the Indian Research Fund Association (IRFA).
   2. Redesigned as ICMR in 1949
   3. apex body for biomedical research in India.
   4. Main Office: new Delhi
7. Indian Council of Social Science Research (ICSSR)
   1. provides fund, maintenance, and development grants for social science research outside the scope of UGC.
   2. Sponsores various research projects for awarding M.Phil, and Ph.D degrees.
   3. 6 regional offices: Chandigarh, Hyderabad, kolkata, Mumbai, New Delhi, Shillong.
8. Rehabiliation Council of India (RCI)
9. national Council for Teacher Education (NCTE)
10. bar Council of india (BCI)
11. Pharmacy Council of India (PCI)
12. Dental Council of India (DCI)

Accrediation

1. NAAC
2. NBA