Language, Basic Concepts, Theories & Pedagogy. English in Use

1. Language
2. Modes of Language: Written and Spoken
3. Features of language
4. Main components of language
5. Basic concepts: Idiolect, Dialect, language
6. Descriptive and Prescriptive
7. Origin and development of language
8. Language acquisition
9. Rhetorics or Figures of Speech
10. One Liners

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Definitions of language

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Features of language:

1. means of communication and self expression
2. displacement
3. Arbitrariness
4. non-instinctive conventional
5. duality of structure: sound and meaning
6. verbal symbolism
7. social phenomenon
8. human entity
9. creative, complex, extendable and modifiable
10. structurally complex

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4 components of language

1. Listening
2. Speaking
3. Reading
4. Writing

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Basic Concepts:

1. Idiolect
2. Dialect
3. Language
4. Pidgin
5. Diachronic and synchronic
6. Langue and Parole
7. Competence and performance
8. Descriptive and prescriptive

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Origin and Development of language:

1. The Bow-wow theory
2. The Pooh-Pooh theory
3. The Ding-dong theory
4. The Yo-He-Ho Theory
5. The Ta Ta Theory
6. The La La Theory
7. Gestural Theory
8. The Music Theory
9. The Contract Theory

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Language Learning and Teaching Approaches:

1. The Communicative Approach or Communicative Language Teaching (CLT)
2. The Structural Approach
3. The Oral Approach or Situational Language Teaching

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Methods of Language Teaching:

1. Direct Method
2. Grammar Translation Method
3. Audio-Lingual Method
4. Total Physical Response (TPR)
5. Communicative Language Teaching (CLT)
6. The Silent Way
7. Community Language Learning
8. Immersion
9. Task-based Language Learning
10. The Natural Approach
11. The Lexical Syllabus

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Language Acquisition: Stages of language acquisition:

1. Babbling Stage: Learning the sound system of a language
2. Holophrastic Stage: Learning the Syntax and Semantics of Language
3. The Two-World Stage: Learning the Grammar of a Language

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Theories of Language Acquisition

1. Behaviourism
2. Mentalism
3. Behavioural (Empirical) Approach

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Factors Influencing the Language Acquisition

1. Receptive Language before Expressive Language
2. Environmental Influences on Language Acquisition
3. Neutral networks
4. Biological Influences of Language Acquisition
5. Biology and environment

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Pedagogy

1. Linguistic Principles of Teaching English
2. General Princiipals of Teaching a foreign Language
   1. Follow the Natural Way
   2. Principles of the Formation of Habits